What’s Your Favorite Espresso Type?

AFFOGATO
Espresso served over ice cream, traditionally vanilla. When served over chocolate ice cream, it is sometimes called an affogato mocha. Affogato means “drowned” in Italian.

BARISTA
The Italian term for bartender, also used, for the person who operates the espresso brewing equipment (or makes other coffee drinks) at a café or coffeehouse.

BLACK EYE
A cup of American coffee with two shots of espresso. Also known as Slingblade. See also red eye.

CAFÈ
The French word for coffee and a coffee shop.

CAFÈ CREMÉ
Popular in Switzerland and becoming more so in the U.S., café crème is brewed in a similar manner to normal espresso but at a faster pace and for a larger portion. Classic espresso brews about 1 to 1.5 ounces in 28 seconds, while café crème brews 5 ounces or more in 28 to 30 seconds. This is achieved by moving the grind fineness dial to the coarsest setting, to allow for more flow-through into the cup.

CAFÉ AU LAIT

A coffee drink made with brewed in a ratio of 1:1 milk to coffee with sugar added to taste.

CAFFE
The Italian word for coffee. In Italy, as in much of Europe, ordering un caffe means an espresso. In France, the term café is used as well, but the French cup of coffee is slightly larger and the coffee is usually a dark roast instead of an espresso. Caffe americano is also available (see below).

CAFFE AMERICANO
A shot of espresso with 6 to 8 ounces of hot water added. The result approximates regular American coffee. Originally devised as an insult to Americans who wanted their espresso diluted.

CAFFE BREVE
Steamed half-and-half poured over espresso. Essentially, a cappuccino  made with half-and-half. Very rich, and also very difficult to foam (the lower the fat content, the easier milk is to foam).

CAFFE LATTE
A shot of espresso with steamed milk in a 3:1 ratio of milk to espresso. In France and Italy, this is a breakfast drink. that is based on espresso (or moka coffee) combined with steamed milk. In America it also serves as the basis for flavored lattes, where a sweet syrup is added in any variety of flavors, including mocha, hazelnut and vanilla.

CAFFE MACCHIATO
An espresso served in an espresso cup with a small dollop of steamed milk added to the top. Most Italians add a teaspoon of sugar. In Italy, this is a mid-morning drink.  Macchiato means “marked” in Italian.

CAFFE MOCHA
Traditionally, steamed chocolate milk poured over espresso although more cafés use chocolate syrup because the sugar in chocolate milk tends to crystallize on the steaming wand, making cleanup a chore. Some establishments top the beverage with whipped cream.

CAPPUCCINO
Two shots of espresso topped with steamed and foamed milk, in equal thirds. It is named for the cap of foam on the top, which somewhat resembles the hooded robe of the Roman Catholic Capuchin friars. It can be topped with ground cinnamon or other spices, or with ground chocolate or sweetened cocoa powder.

CHIARO
Italian for “light.” A milk drink may be prepared chiaro by adding more milk, or scuro (dark) by adding less. Pure steamed milk is a popular late-night drink in Italy, flavored with almond syrup or a dusting of chocolate.

CORETTO
An espresso with some sort of liquor added. Corretto is Italian for “corrected.”

CREMA
A dense, foamy “cap” on the top of an espresso created by the dispersion of air and carbon dioxide in the liquid at a high pressure. The crema contains emulsified oils, and forms a caramel or dark golden brown layer resembling foam on top of an espresso shot. Some machines are enhanced to produce crema.

Even though the espresso is half-drunk, the foamy crema cap remains. Photo courtesy SXC.